Discover the Enigmatic Navy Calla Lily: An In-Depth Guide

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Introduction

The navy calla lily, a striking and enigmatic flower, captivates with its deep, velvety blooms that add a touch of elegance to any garden or bouquet. This unique variety, scientifically classified as Zantedeschia aethiopica ‘Navy’, is a showstopper that will leave a lasting impression. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the captivating world of the navy calla lily, delving into its history, cultivation, care, and fascinating symbolism.

History and Origins

  • The navy calla lily is native to South Africa, where it thrives in marshy areas and along riverbanks.
  • The original species, Zantedeschia aethiopica, was named after the Italian botanist Giovanni Zantedeschi.
  • ‘Navy’ is a relatively new cultivar that was developed in the 1980s by crossing the original white species with a dark purple calla lily.

Botanical Characteristics

Flower

The navy calla lily is characterized by its distinctive flower, which is composed of a large, funnel-shaped spathe that encloses a central spadix.

  • The spathe, which resembles a pointed hood, is typically 5-8 inches in length and ranges in color from deep navy to almost black.
  • The spadix, a thick, fleshy spike, protrudes from the center of the spathe and is covered in tiny, yellowish flowers.

Foliage

Navy calla lilies have large, arrow-shaped leaves that grow from the base of the plant.

  • The leaves are dark green in color and have a glossy surface.
  • They can reach up to 12 inches in length and form a dense clump around the flower stems.

Cultivation

Growing navy calla lilies is relatively easy, making them a popular choice for both experienced and novice gardeners.

Climate

Navy calla lilies prefer warm, temperate climates and can tolerate partial shade to full sun.

  • In colder regions, they can be grown as annuals or overwintered indoors.
  • Ideal temperatures for growth range from 60-80°F (16-27°C).

Soil

These plants thrive in well-drained, moist soil that is rich in organic matter.

  • A pH level between 6.0 and 7.0 is optimal for growth.
  • Amend the soil with compost or manure to improve drainage and fertility.

Planting

Plant navy calla lily bulbs in the spring after the last frost.

  1. Choose a planting site with good drainage and ample sunlight.
  2. Dig a hole that is twice the width of the bulb and just deep enough to cover the top of the bulb.
  3. Place the bulb in the hole with the pointed end facing up.
  4. Fill the hole with soil and gently firm it around the bulb.
  5. Water the newly planted bulbs thoroughly.

Care

Navy calla lilies require regular care to thrive.

  • Watering: Water the plants deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
  • Fertilizing: Fertilize the plants monthly with a balanced liquid fertilizer.
  • Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
  • Deadheading: Remove spent flowers to encourage new growth.

Uses

Navy calla lilies are highly versatile and can be used in various ways:

  • Landscaping: They make stunning border plants, adding drama and elegance to gardens.
  • Cut Flowers: Their long-lasting blooms are ideal for bouquets and arrangements.
  • Floristry: Navy calla lilies are popular in funeral arrangements due to their dark, somber color.
  • Table Centerpieces: Their stately appearance makes them perfect for creating eye-catching table centerpieces.

Symbolism

Throughout history, navy calla lilies have been associated with various meanings and symbolism:

  • Death and Mourning: In many cultures, navy calla lilies are associated with grief and mourning due to their dark color.
  • Mystery and Elegance: Their enigmatic appearance and deep blue hue evoke a sense of mystery and sophistication.
  • Birth and Rebirth: In some cultures, the navy calla lily is seen as a symbol of birth and new beginnings.
  • High Esteem: In Victorian England, navy calla lilies were often given as a token of respect and admiration.

Varieties

Apart from the classic ‘Navy,’ there are several other notable varieties of navy calla lilies:

  • ‘Black Magic’: Produces deep purple-black flowers that are almost indistinguishable from black.
  • ‘Midori’: A bicoloured variety with dark navy spathes and striking yellow spadices.
  • ‘Raven’: A newer cultivar with a compact growth habit and rich navy-blue spathes.
  • ‘Blue Moon’: Features pale blue spathes with a hint of lavender.

Troubleshooting

Navy calla lilies are generally easy to care for, but they may encounter a few common problems:

  • Yellowing Leaves: Overwatering or poor drainage can lead to yellowing leaves.
  • Brown Tips: Insufficient watering or low humidity can cause the tips of the leaves to turn brown.
  • Pest Infestations: Aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites can infest navy calla lilies. Use appropriate insecticides to control infestations.

Conclusion

The navy calla lily is a captivating and versatile flower that adds a touch of drama and mystery to any garden or bouquet. Its unique appearance, ease of cultivation, and rich symbolism make it a captivating choice for plant enthusiasts and floral designers alike. Whether gracing a garden bed, adorning a centerpiece, or expressing heartfelt emotions, the navy calla lily continues to be a true botanical treasure.

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